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Flame retardants are indispensable in our lives. The flame retardants that are being used are various, but each has its own advantages and disadvantages. The following is a brief analysis of several commonly used flame retardants.
A bromine flame retardant
The advantage of brominated flame retardants is that their decomposition temperatures are mostly around 200°C-300°C, and they match the decomposition temperature of various polymers. Therefore, they can be used as flame retardants in the gas phase and the same aggregation at the best moment. , there is a minimum amount of added, the best effect of the name.
1. PBDE: Poisonous carcinogenic polybrominated benzo and polybrominated dibenzofurans when burned. For this reason, the world-famous manufacturers of brominated flame retardants tested polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants through intermediaries, indicating that these products do not pose a risk of BPDD and PBDF. Therefore, PBDE flame retardants are still popular in some countries in the United States, Japan, and Europe and are used in a variety of polymers.
2. Decabromodiphenyl ether production has the fastest annual growth rate and the largest amount of use. The quality of domestic decabromodiphenyl ether is lower than that of imported products. The disadvantages are that the free bromine content is high, the content of iron impurities is high, and the long-term storage stability is high. The disadvantage of poor sex.
3, octabromoether quality is basically equivalent to foreign countries, but should pay attention to improve the shape of the product, foreign countries have changed from the traditional powder to granular, the past two years, the main domestic manufacturers have also produced granular octabromoether, made Gratifying progress.
4. The thermal stability of hexabromocyclododecane affects its use in the processing of flame-retardant products. The heat-resistant hexabromocyclododecane imported from abroad can remain stable at the high polymer processing temperatures. Structure, and if combustion does not produce too much smoke, this is an aspect to be improved in China's HBCD.
5, tetrabromobisphenol A: If you use the imported bisphenol A brominated to make products, the quality is often higher than the domestic bisphenol A raw materials products. Brominated flame retardants are still the main force in flame retardant technology worldwide. It will still be used extensively within 20 years.
Second, phosphorus flame retardant
Phosphorous flame retardants Organic phosphorus species are mostly oily and are not easily added during polymer processing. They are generally used in polyurethane foams, soft pvc, transformer oils, cellulosic resins, natural and synthetic rubbers. The inorganic phosphorus in red phosphorus, because it is a pure flame-retardant element, so the flame-retardant effect is good, a wide range of applications, but it is bright color, so the application is subject to partial restrictions.
Triazine flame retardant
Triazine flame retardants are mainly melamine and its derivatives. These flame retardants have multiple reaction functions, and have excellent thermal stability, durability and weather resistance. Their flame retardant effect is good, and the compatibility with the polymer is also good, so the application is also wide. Commonly used melamine, melamine urethane cyanate and so on.
IV. Intumescent flame retardant
Intumescent flame retardants use phosphorus and nitrogen as the main flame retardant. When such flame retardants are heated, the surface of the flame retardant can form a dense foamy carbon layer, which can insulate heat, oxygen, smoke, and prevent Droplets, with good flame retardant properties. Since 1992, China has started a successful research report. Up to now, a number of research units have been engaged in this area of development. However, there are still no industrial-scale production reports.
Fifth, inorganic flame retardant
Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are the main forces in inorganic flame retardants. Because the inorganic flame retardant needs to be added in a large amount, it will exceed the amount of the high polymer itself in some special cases, and therefore, it is bound to have a great influence on the physical and mechanical properties of the polymer.
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